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Countries Catalogue

Austria

Before 1867 Austria was an absolute monarchy, which included Hungary and Lombardy-Venetia. In 1867 the Austro-Hungarian Monarchy was established, with Austria and Hungary as equal partners. Once the center of power for the large Austro-Hungarian Empire, Austria was reduced to a small republic after its defeat in World War I. Following annexation by Nazi Germany in 1938 and subsequent occupation by the victorious Allies in 1945, Austria's status remained unclear for a decade. A State Treaty signed in 1955 ended the occupation, recognized Austria's independence, and forbade unification with Germany. A constitutional law that same year declared the country's "perpetual neutrality" as a condition for Soviet military withdrawal. This neutrality, once ingrained as part of the Austrian cultural identity, has been called into question since the Soviet collapse of 1991 and Austria's entry into the European Union in 1995. A prosperous country, Austria entered the European Monetary Union in 1999. Vienna has been known as a cultural center for centuries, and its music and literature are particularly famous. Austrian fine art is usually grouped with the art of southern Germany. A distinctive Austrian style, however, is manifested in the refined baroque architecture and sculpture of the 17th and 18th centuries, notably in Vienna, Salzburg, and Melk. Important art contributions include early wood carvings, Gobelins tapestries, handcarved and handpainted chests, intricately forged grates and other ironwork, stained-glass windows, Augarten porcelain from Vienna, lace, and leatherwork.

Country name:
conventional long form: Republic of Austria
conventional short form: Austria
local short form: Oesterreich
local long form: Republik Oesterreich

Vienna

Currency: Euro (EUR); Code: EUR
1 Euro (€) Consisting of 100 Cents

1 Gulden (before 1858) Fl.C.N. = 60 Kreuzer (Kr.) Kr.C.M.
1 Gulden (1858) Fl. = 100 Kreuzer Kr.
1 Krone (1900) = 100 Heller
1 Schilling (1925/38) S. = 100 Groschen g.
1 Reichsmark (1938/45) = 100 Pfg.
1 Schilling (1945) S. = 100 Groschen g.
1 Euro (2002) = 100 Cents to 31.12.2001: 1 Euro (€) = 13.7603 S

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